Early Childhood Programs’ Scarcity Undermines Ohio's Rural Communities

High rates of child poverty and persistent child poverty are prevalent in rural Ohio. Ten of the 16 counties with child poverty rates above 25 percent, and both of the counties with rates over 30 percent, are rural. In addition, all six Ohio counties with persistent child poverty are rural. Poverty in Ohio is concentrated in the Appalachian counties and in counties in the Western and Northwestern parts of the state. More than 30 percent of Ohio’s Appalachian children ages birth to five live in poverty.

At the same time, children in Ohio’s rural communities often lack resources and supports, including quality early childhood care and education, which research shows can strengthen the current and future workforce, contribute to a strong economy and public safety, and enhance national security in the long run. While 39 percent of Ohioans live in a child care “desert,” where there are more than three children under age 5 for each licensed child care slot, in rural communities the figure is 60 percent.

To meet the needs of children and families living in Ohio’s rural communities, policymakers must address the need to increase the supply of early care and education throughout the state, prioritizing rural areas. Given the prevalence of child care deserts in Ohio’s rural communities, increasing the number of child care options is imperative. Similarly, increasing the supply of preschool programs will help improve Ohio rural children’s school readiness and long-term academic outcomes. Legislators should consider innovative delivery models, including home-based or mobile programs. Ohio policymakers must support tailored investments for children in rural communities to help ensure the future strength of our state.